Article by Pankaj Nagpal
Aneurysm Repair Surgery
An aneurysm can be characterized by its location, shape, and cause. A thoracic aortic aneurysm is located in the chest area. The thoracic aorta can be divided into segments: ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending aorta, as described above. An aneurysm may be located in one of these areas and/or may be continuous throughout the aorta. An aneurysm called a thoracoabdominal aneurysm involves a thoracic aortic aneurysm extending down to the abdominal aorta.
Thoracic aneurysms do not occur as often as abdominal aneurysms. The descending thoracic aorta is the most common location of a thoracic aneurysm, followed by the ascending segment, then the arch.
The location of an aneurysm is distinctly connected with the cause, course, and treatment of a thoracic aneurysm…
What causes a thoracic aortic aneurysm to form ?
Thoracic aortic aneurysms may be caused by different disease processes, especially in respect to their location…
What are the symptoms of a thoracic aortic aneurysm ?
Symptoms of an ascending thoracic aneurysm may include, but are not limited to, the following : -
Pain in the chest, neck, and/or backSwelling of head, neck, and arms as a result of pressure on large blood vesselsHeart failure – an ascending aneurysm may affect the heart valves, causing blood to back up into the heart.
The symptoms of a thoracic aortic aneurysm may resemble other conditions. Consult your physician for a diagnosis.
How is a thoracic aortic aneurysm diagnosed ?
In addition to a complete medical history and physical examination, diagnostic procedures for a thoracic aortic aneurysm may include any, or a combination,of the following :
Computed tomography scan (Also called a CT or CAT scan) : – A CT scan shows detailed images of any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scans are more detailed than standard x-rays.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) : – a diagnostic procedure that uses a combination of large magnets, radiofrequencies, and a computer to produce detailed images of organs and structures within the body.
Echocardiogram (ECG/EKG) : – a procedure that evaluates the structure and function of the heart by using sound waves recorded on an electronic sensor
Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) : – a diagnostic procedure that uses echocardiography to assess the presence of an aneurysm, the condition of heart valves, and/or presence of a dissection (tear) of the lining of the aorta. TEE is performed by inserting a probe with a transducer on the end down the throat.
Chest X-ray : – a diagnostic test which uses invisible electromagnetic energy beams to produce images of internal tissues, bones, and organs onto film.
Arteriogram (angiogram) : – an x-ray image of the blood vessels used to evaluate various conditions, such as aneurysm, stenosis (narrowing of the blood vessel), or blockages…
Treatment may include :
Routine MRI or CT : – to monitor the size and rate of growth of the aneurysm.
Controlling or modifying risk factors : – steps such as quitting smoking, controlling blood sugar if diabetic, losing weight if overweight or obese, and controlling dietary fat intake may help to control the progression of the aneurysm.
Medication : – to control factors such as hyperlipidemia (elevated levels of fats in the blood) and/or high blood pressure…
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